Journal of Nursing Education
روان پرستاری
IJPN
Medical Sciences
http://ijpn.ir
279
admin
2345-2501
2345-2528
7
10.22034/ijpn
14
8888
13
fa
jalali
1401
6
1
gregorian
2022
9
1
10
3
online
1
fulltext
fa
مداخله به شیوه سوسیودرام: ارزیابی اثربخشی بر اضطراب کودکان دارای اختلال اضطراب اجتماعی
Intervention based sociodrama: Evaluating the effectiveness on the anxiety in children with social anxiety disorder
تخصصي
Special
پژوهشي
Research
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:BMitraBold"><span style="letter-spacing:.75pt">مقدمه:</span></span></span></b> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:BMitra"><span style="letter-spacing:.75pt">این</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:BMitra"><span style="letter-spacing:.75pt">پژوهش</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:BMitra"><span style="letter-spacing:.75pt">با</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:BMitra"><span style="letter-spacing:.75pt">هدف </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:BMitra"><span style="letter-spacing:.75pt">تبیین اثربخشی مداخله </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:BMitra"><span style="letter-spacing:.75pt">سوسیودرام </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:BMitra"><span style="letter-spacing:.75pt">بر کاهش اضطراب</span></span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:BMitra"><span style="letter-spacing:.75pt">کودکان </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:BMitra"><span style="letter-spacing:.75pt">دارای اختلال اضطراب اجتماعی انجام گرفت.</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:.75pt"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:BMitraBold">روش کار:</span></span></b> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:BMitra">روش تحقیق در این پژوهش تک­آزمودنی آزمایشی از نوع طرح</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">AB</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:BMitra"> بود. </span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:BMitra">جامعه آماری شامل تمامی کودکان 6 تا 7 سال مبتلا به اضطراب اجتماعی بود که در سال 1400 در مراکز روانشناسی شهر تهران حضور داشتند­. </span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:BMitra">از بین آنها تعداد 5 کودک دارای اختلال اضطراب اجتماعی (دو پسر و سه دختر) بر اساس ملاک های ورود و خروج و به شیوه نمونه­گیری هدفمند گزینش ­شدند. مداخله سوسیودرام برای هر کودک در 10 جلسه اجرا گردید. ابزارهای</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:BMitra">پژوهش</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:BMitra">شامل مقیاس اضطراب کودکان اسپنس (</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:BMitra">1997</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:BMitra">) و چک لیست رفتار اجتماعی (محقق ساخته) بود. هر</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:BMitra">یک</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:BMitra">از</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:BMitra">شرکت­کنندگان به تفکیک قبل از اعمال مداخله 5-6 بار مورد آزمون ارزیابی قرار گرفتند (مرحله </span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">A</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:BMitra">) و پس از آن به تفکیک تحت آموزش مداخله سوسیودرام قرار گرفتند (مرحله </span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">B</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:BMitra">). تحلیل دیداری داده­ها در دو سطح درون موقعیتی و بین موقعیتی انجام گرفت.</span></span> </span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:BMitraBold">یافته­ ها:</span></span></b> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:BMitra">یافته­های</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:BMitra">پژوهش</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:BMitra">نشان</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:BMitra">داد</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:BMitra">که مداخله سوسیودرام سبب </span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:BMitra">کاهش اضطراب</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:BMitra"> کودکان دارای اختلال اضطراب اجتماعی در مقیاس اضطراب کودکان اسپنس شده؛ و میزان بهبودی</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:BMitra">کلی</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:BMitra">در</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:BMitra">هر یک از تک رفتارهای اضطراب و اجتناب در حل مساله، اضطراب و اجتناب در خودکنترلی، اضطراب و اجتناب در مسئولیت­پذیری، اضطراب و اجتناب در برقراری ارتباط، اضطراب و اجتناب در دوست­یابی، اضطراب و اجتناب در مشارکت و همکاری و اضطراب و اجتناب در ابراز وجود به ترتیب 01/67، 30/83، 80/82، 65/82، 37/77، 88/86 و 78/82 درصد بود. میزان</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:BMitra">بهبودی</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:BMitra">کلی</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:BMitra">بین پنج آزمودنی نیز 42/82 درصد برآورد شد.</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:BMitra"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<b><span dir="RTL" lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="font-family:BMitraBold">نتیجه ­گیری:</span></span></span></b> <span dir="RTL" lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="font-family:BMitra">با</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="font-family:BMitra">توجه</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="font-family:BMitra">به</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="font-family:BMitra">یافته­ های</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="font-family:BMitra">پژوهش</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="font-family:BMitra">می­توان</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="font-family:BMitra">نتیجه</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="font-family:BMitra">گرفت</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="font-family:BMitra">که مداخله سوسیودرام قادر</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="font-family:BMitra">است</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="font-family:BMitra">سبب </span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="font-family:BMitra">کاهش اضطراب</span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="font-family:BMitra"> کودکان دارای اختلال اضطراب اجتماعی شود. بنابراین، نهادهای خانواده و آموزشی، مراکز خدمات روان­شناختی و مشاوره می­توانند برای </span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="font-family:BMitra">کاهش اضطراب</span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="font-family:BMitra"> کودکان</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="font-family:BMitra">دارای اختلال اضطراب اجتماعی از مداخله سوسیودرام بهره­مند شوند. </span></span></span>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span style="font-family:" timesnewromanps-boldmt="">Introduction</span></b><b><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">:</span></b><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> The aim of this study was to explain the effectiveness of sociodrama intervention to reducing anxiety in children with social anxiety disorder.</span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span style="font-family:" timesnewromanps-boldmt="">Methods:</span></b> <span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Research method in this study was a single-subject of AB experimental designs. The study population consisted of all children with social anxiety disorder 6 to 7 years that attended psychological centers in Tehran in 2021. Among them, 5 children with social anxiety disorder (two boys and three girls) were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria and by purposive sampling. Sociodrama intervention was performed for each child in 10 sessions. The research instrument was Spence Children Anxiety Scale (1997) and Social Behavior Checklist (Made by a researcher). Each participant was evaluated 5-6 times before the intervention (stage A) and then underwent were trained separately sociodrama (stage B). Data were analyzed using visual analysis at both within-condition and between-condition levels. </span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span style="font-family:" timesnewromanps-boldmt="">Results:</span></b> <span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">The results showed that sociodrama intervention reduce anxiety in children with social anxiety disorder in Spence Children Anxiety Scale; and the recovery rate in each of the single behaviors of anxiety and avoidance in problem solving, anxiety and avoidance in self-control, anxiety and avoidance in responsibility, anxiety and avoidance in communicate, anxiety and avoidance in finding friend, anxiety and avoidance in participation and cooperation and anxiety and avoidance in assertiveness respectively was 67.01, 83.30, 82.80, 82.65, 77.37, 86.88 and 82.78 percentage. The total recovery rate among five subjects also 82.42 percent was estimated. </span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span style="font-family:" timesnewromanps-boldmt="">Conclusions:</span></b> <span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Based on the findings, it can be concluded that the sociodrama intervention can reduce the anxiety in children with social anxiety disorder. Therefore, family and educational institutions, psychological and counseling services centers can benefit from sociodrama intervention to reducing anxiety children with social anxiety disorder. </span></span></span></span><br>
مداخله سوسیودرام, اضطراب, اختلال اضطراب اجتماعی
Social anxiety disorder, anxiety, Sociodrama intervention.
88
103
http://ijpn.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1891-2&slc_lang=fa&sid=1
Hoda
Alikhani
هدی
علی خانی
honi_revi3824@yahoo.com
27900319475328460014682
27900319475328460014682
No
Department of Psychology, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran.
گروه روانشناسی، واحد شیراز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شیراز، ایران.
Siamak
Samani
سیامک
سامانی
Samani@iaushiraz.ac.ir
27900319475328460014683
27900319475328460014683
Yes
Department of Psychology, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran.
گروه روانشناسی، واحد شیراز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شیراز، ایران.
Mohammad Reza
Bardideh
محمدرضا
بردیده
Mbardideh@yahoo.com
27900319475328460014684
27900319475328460014684
No
Department of Psychology, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran.
گروه روانشناسی، واحد شیراز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شیراز، ایران.
Mohammad
Mozaffari
محمد
مظفری
Mozafari937@yahoo.com
27900319475328460014685
27900319475328460014685
No
Department of Psychology, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran.
گروه روانشناسی، واحد شیراز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شیراز، ایران.