@article{ author = {Karimi, Zahra and Salehi, Shayesteh}, title = {Study of Parenting Styles of Females Working in Hospitals Affiliated to Isfahan University of Medical Sciences and Related Variables during Year 2014}, abstract ={Introduction: Parenting styles, as the most important and most fundamental factor shaping children's personality, are influenced by many factors including social, economic, and occupational experiences of parents. Considering job characteristics of females working in hospitals, this study aimed at investigating the parenting styles of females working in hospitals affiliated to Isfahan University of Medical Sciences and some relevant variables during year 2014. Methods: This was a correlational cross-sectional study, in which 202 females working in hospitals of Isfahan and having children with an age range of 1 to 11, were selected by convenience sampling method. All participants completed the questionnaire of demographic features and also Baumrind’s parenting style questionnaire. The information was analyzed based on descriptive and analytical statistic methods and also using the SPSS software Version 20. Results: The results revealed that participants received the highest average score in authoritative parenting style (32.4 ± 4.2), and the lowest in the authoritarian style (16.78 ± 6). Among the studied variables, age and number of children were negatively correlated with permissive parenting style score, and education level was positively correlated with permissive parenting style score. Other variables, however, were not significantly correlated with the parenting styles. Conclusions: Considering the job characteristics of females and the essential role of mothers in raising children, it is necessary to adjust working hours of females, in addition to training and promoting parenting skills and facilities.}, Keywords = {Parenting, Working Females, Hospital}, volume = {5}, Number = {1}, pages = {1-6}, publisher = { انجمن علمی پرستاری ایران}, doi = {10.21859/ijpn-05011}, url = {http://ijpn.ir/article-1-863-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpn.ir/article-1-863-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatric Nursing}, issn = {2345-2501}, eissn = {2345-2528}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {DarvishBaseri, Leyla and DashtBozorgi, Zahr}, title = {Effectiveness of Group Therapy Based on Acceptance and Commitment on Cognitive Emotion Regulation and Alexithymia of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes}, abstract ={Introduction: Type 2 diabetes is the most common chronic disease that creates a lot of restrictions for patients and their families. Hence promotion of psychological characteristics of this group has been considered by many therapists. This study aimed at investigating the effect of group therapy based on acceptance and commitment on cognitive emotion regulation and alexithymia of patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods: The present research was semi-experimental with a pre-test and post-test design with a control group. The population of the research included all patients with type 2 diabetes that had referred to health care centers of Ahvaz city, during year 2015. Overall, 30 patient were selected through available sampling method and randomly assigned to 2 equal groups (each group consisted of 15 people). The experimental group took part in eight 90-minute sessions of group therapy based on acceptance and commitment and the control group was placed on the waiting list. Groups completed the Garnefski et al. cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire and Bagby et al. Toronto alexithymia scale as a pre-test and post-test. Data were analyzed by Multivariate Analysis of Covariance (MONCOVA) method and using the SPSS-21 software. Results: The findings showed that there was a significant difference between the averages of cognitive emotion regulation and alexithymia of experimental and control groups in the post-test stage. On the other hand, the method of group therapy based on acceptance and commitment significantly led to an increase in cognitive emotion regulation and decrease in alexithymia of patients with type 2 diabetes (P < 0.01). Conclusions: According to the effect of group therapy based on acceptance and commitment on cognitive emotion regulation and alexithymia, it is suggested for counselors, therapists, and clinical psychologists to use the mentioned method to increase cognitive emotion regulation and decrease alexithymia of patients with type 2 diabetes.}, Keywords = {Group Therapy, Acceptance and Commitment, Cognitive Emotion Regulation, Alexithymia, Type 2 Diabetes}, volume = {5}, Number = {1}, pages = {7-14}, publisher = { انجمن علمی پرستاری ایران}, doi = {10.21859/ijpn-05012}, url = {http://ijpn.ir/article-1-873-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpn.ir/article-1-873-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatric Nursing}, issn = {2345-2501}, eissn = {2345-2528}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {salemi, safora and naami, abdolzahra and zargar, yadolah and davodi, ir}, title = {Effectiveness of Trauma-Focused Behavioral Method on Post-Traumatic Growth among Abused Children}, abstract ={Introduction: Helping abused children, to enable them to achieve post-traumatic growth, is of great importance. It is possible to help this group of children using psychotherapy to enable them to experience positive psychological components. On this basis, the current article aimed at examining the effectiveness of trauma-focused behavioral methodology on post-traumatic growth among abused children. Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study conducted on 2 control and intervention groups with pre- and post-design, in which 26 abused children referred to Ahvaz Welfare Organization in 2017 were selected using the accessible sampling method. The participants were randomly categorized to 2 groups, including intervention and control. For the intervention group, trauma-focused behavioral methodology was performed during 10 weekly sessions. The data were collected using Post-Traumatic Growth Inventory devised by Kilmer et al., and then analyzed using independent and pair-wise t test at a significance level of 0.05%. Results: Following the trauma-focused behavioral methodology, the post-traumatic growth in the intervention group increased from 6.76 ± 2.24 to 17.23 ± 3.49, indicating significant post-traumatic growth in this group (P < 0.003). In contrast, in the control, this value was not significantly different before and following the intervention, i.e. it increased from 7.30 ± 1.93 to 9.30 ± 1.93 (P > 0.06). Conclusions: The current research indicated that trauma-based behavioral methodology could increase post-traumatic growth among abused children.}, Keywords = {Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Post-Traumatic Growth, Abused Children}, volume = {5}, Number = {1}, pages = {15-21}, publisher = { انجمن علمی پرستاری ایران}, doi = {10.21859/ijpn-05013}, url = {http://ijpn.ir/article-1-877-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpn.ir/article-1-877-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatric Nursing}, issn = {2345-2501}, eissn = {2345-2528}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Borji, Milad and Motaghi, Minoo}, title = {The Effect of Collaborative Care Model on Social Support and General Self-Efficacy of the Elderly}, abstract ={Introduction: Worldwide increase in life expectancy and decrease in birth rate has turned population aging into a global phenomenon. Aging changes the person’s need for social support and their general self-efficacy. This study measured the effect of collaborative care model on social support and general self-efficacy of the elderly in the city of Ilam. Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted in 2016 with control and intervention groups consisting of the elderly residing in Ilam. For this purpose, 80 subjects selected by simple random sampling, were assigned to one control group (n = 40) and one intervention group (n = 40). For the intervention group, five 60- to 90-minute education sessions based on collaborative care model were held over the course of 3 months. Collaborative care model consists of the stages of motivation, preparation, engagement, and evaluation. Measurements were made before the intervention, and one, two and three months after the intervention, using the Duke Social Support Scale and the General Self-Efficacy Scale. Data analysis was performed using the SPSS 20 software. Results: Before the intervention, there was no significant difference between social support and general self-efficacy scores of control and intervention groups (P > 0.5); however, after the intervention, the intervention group showed an increased social support score during months 2 and 3 and an increased general self-efficacy score during months 1, 2, and 3 post intervention (P < 0.5). Also, none of the measurements made before and after the intervention showed a statically significant difference between social support and general self-efficacy in the control group (P > 0.5). Conclusions: Given the positive effect of collaborative care model on social support and general self-efficacy of elderly, the use of such nursing interventions in the clinical care of the elderly is recommended.}, Keywords = {Collaborative Care Model, Elderly, Social Support, General Self-Efficacy}, volume = {5}, Number = {1}, pages = {22-29}, publisher = { انجمن علمی پرستاری ایران}, doi = {10.21859/ijpn-05014}, url = {http://ijpn.ir/article-1-859-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpn.ir/article-1-859-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatric Nursing}, issn = {2345-2501}, eissn = {2345-2528}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Momeni, Sedigheh and Foroughan, Mahshid and Yonesi, Seyed Jalal and Doladtshahe, Behrouz}, title = {The Efficacy of Group Counseling by Using Gestalt Techniques on Morale and Loneliness of Older Adults Living in Nursing Homes}, abstract ={Introduction: Considering the growing elderly population and their psychological problems, it seems that providing counseling and psychological interventions for this group, who live in nursing homes is a vital need. This study aimed at determining-the efficacy of group counseling by using gestalt techniques on morale and loneliness of elderly, who live in nursing homes. Methods: This was a semi-experimental study with pre-posttest design and control group. Samples consisted of all elderly females living in nursing homes of Tehran. According to the inclusion/ exclusion criteria and Abbreviated Mental test, 28 individuals, who were living in Kahrizak nursing home, were selected through convenience sampling and randomly assigned to 2 equal groups. However, during the intervention, there were some drop out and finally the number of samples was reduced to n = 20 samples, 10 samples in each group. Loneliness Scale and Philadelphia Geriatric Center Morale Scale was administered to both groups. Gestalt therapy sessions for the Experimental group were administered in 10 sessions (every session 90 minutes) for 6 weeks. The post-test data was collected after the last session and analyzed using MANCOVA. Results: Comparing post test results in loneliness and morale total scores in experimental and control groups and controlling pre-test effect, showed significant differences in the 2 groups (F1, 15 = 135.479, P < 0.0005) and (F1, 14) = 65.85, P < 0.0005). Conclusions: Results showed that group counseling using Gestalt techniques may reduce loneliness and improve morale state in elders who live in nursing home. Using this technique is suggested as a way to improve the mental health of elders. Keywords: Gestalt therapy; Loneliness; Morale; Elders; Nursing home.}, Keywords = {Gestalt Therapy, Loneliness, Mood, Elderly}, volume = {5}, Number = {1}, pages = {30-38}, publisher = { انجمن علمی پرستاری ایران}, doi = {10.21859/ijpn-05015}, url = {http://ijpn.ir/article-1-527-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpn.ir/article-1-527-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatric Nursing}, issn = {2345-2501}, eissn = {2345-2528}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Shamsaei, Fasrhid and Mahmoodi, Zahra and Cheraghi, Fatemeh and Haghighi, Mohamm}, title = {The Relationship between Social Support and General Health in Family Caregivers of Patients with Mental Illnesses}, abstract ={Introduction: The families of caregivers of patients with mental illnesses have numerous stresses, experience moderate to high burden, and often receive inadequate professional support from the mental health team. Effective family functioning in these families may be influenced by a variety of psychosocial factors. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between social support and general health in family caregivers of patients with mental illnesses. Methods: In this correlational study, 199 family caregivers of patients with mental illnesses were selected by convenience sampling from Farshchian Psychiatry Hospital in Hamedan, during year 2015. The data were collected using demographic, Fillips Social Support, and General Health questionnaires. Data were analyzed by descriptive and spearman regression correlation. Results: the results indicated that social support in 45.7% of the subjects was undesirable and general health in 89.9% was weak. There was a significant relationship between these 2 variables (P = 0.001). The friends interfering domain was more undesirable than the other domains of social support. Individual life health domain was weaker than other domains of general health. The supportive interfering domain from the general health domains had the greatest correlation with social support (P = 0.001). Conclusions: General health was related to social support. Thus, altering the policies with the objective of increasing social support, especially for the family of caregivers of patients with mental illnesses, could result in the promotion of their health and well-being.}, Keywords = {Social Support, Public Health, Family Caregivers}, volume = {5}, Number = {1}, pages = {40-46}, publisher = { انجمن علمی پرستاری ایران}, doi = {10.21859/ijpn-05016}, url = {http://ijpn.ir/article-1-854-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpn.ir/article-1-854-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatric Nursing}, issn = {2345-2501}, eissn = {2345-2528}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {MoshirianFarahi, Seyedeh Maryam and MoshirianFarahi, Seyed Mohammad Mahdi and AghamohammadianSharbaf, Hamid Reza and SepehriShamloo, Zohreh}, title = {The Effectiveness of Group Reality Therapy Based on Choice Theory on Quality of Life in People with Aggression}, abstract ={Introduction: One problem that has recently gained growing attention in the society is aggression, as it can significantly affect the quality of life. In this regard, a major concern is how to curb aggression. Accordingly, the primary goal of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of group reality therapy based on choice theory on quality of life in aggressive people. Methods: It was a quasi-experimental study with a pre/post-test design and a control group. Participants were assigned to two groups. The experimental group had 10 sessions of reality therapy, while the control group did not receive any instruction in this regard. The main research instruments were quality of life inventory and aggression questionnaire (AQ). Results: The results of data analysis showed a significant increase in the quality of life of subjects in the intervention group compared to the control group. In addition, the results of ANCOVA showed that controlling the pre-test and post-test results for variables of social and psychological communication as subscales of quality of life, made a significant difference between the two groups. Conclusions: According to the results, it could be concluded that group reality therapy, due to its emphasis on internal locus of control, improved communication and effective satisfaction of needs, which can enhance quality of life in people with aggression.}, Keywords = {Reality Therapy, Quality of Life, Aggression}, volume = {5}, Number = {1}, pages = {47-53}, publisher = { انجمن علمی پرستاری ایران}, doi = {10.21859/ijpn-05017}, url = {http://ijpn.ir/article-1-632-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpn.ir/article-1-632-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatric Nursing}, issn = {2345-2501}, eissn = {2345-2528}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {rahimzadehfeyzabad, Tahereh and NASSIRI, Ahmad and KHAZAIE, Thayebeh and KHAZAIE, kolsum}, title = {The Impact of Cognitive Behavioral Stress Management on Job Stress and Coping Strategies in Psychiatric Nursing}, abstract ={Introduction: Psychiatric nurses are regularly faced with stressful stimuli that lead to physical, psychological and behavioral symptoms; this affects the quality of patient care. Training can help us to apply effective coping strategies. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of cognitive behavioral stress management training on job stress and psychiatric nurses’ coping strategies. Methods: This quasi-experimental study was carried out in 2016 by 39 nurses in the Psychiatric Ward of Imam Reza Hospital in Birjand. Convenience sampling method was used. The experimental group received eight sessions (each 90 minutes) of cognitive behavioral therapy training. Both experimental and control groups filled in two questionnaires (job stress DCL and coping methods PNMCQ) before, just after and two months after the intervention. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 19, chi-squared test, independent samples t-test, paired samples t-test and Pearson’s correlation coefficient, with a significance level of P ≤ 0.05. Results: Most of the stressed nurses were worried about future outcomes and methods used to adapt a positive attitude to job stress. Comparisons of the mean total score of stress were as follows: before the study 1.79 ± 0.88, after the study 1.50 ± 0.82, and follow-up 1.69 ± 0.6; they showed a significant difference (P < 0.001). Conclusions: Cognitive behavioral stress management training is useful to apply effective compatible ways and reduce nurses’ stress levels.}, Keywords = {Cognitive Behavioral Intervention, Job Stress, Coping, Nurse, Psychiatric}, volume = {5}, Number = {1}, pages = {54-63}, publisher = { انجمن علمی پرستاری ایران}, doi = {10.21859/ijpn-05018}, url = {http://ijpn.ir/article-1-899-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpn.ir/article-1-899-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatric Nursing}, issn = {2345-2501}, eissn = {2345-2528}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Salimi, Hamid Reza and Pourebrahimi, Mohammad and Hoseinabadi-Farahani, Mohammad Jav}, title = {Clinical Self-Efficacy, Dimensions and Related Factors among Nursing Students}, abstract ={Introduction: Clinical self-efficacy is an individual's belief for doing clinical skills. As much as individuals have higher efficacy in clinical practice, their clinical practice will be better. The aim of the present study was to determine the clinical self-efficacy, its dimensions and related factors in nursing students at Qazvin University of Medical Sciences in 2016. Methods: In this descriptive-analytical study, 150 nursing students were selected by the census method. Data were collected using the demographic characteristic form and clinical self-efficacy questionnaire. Also, the data were analyzed by descriptive and analytical tests using the SPSS 16 software. Results: The total mean score of clinical self-efficacy was 106.54 ± 21.14. Assessment of the patients had the highest scores among the dimensions of clinical efficacy (34.42 ± 7). There was a significant correlation between the average scores of the students (r = 0.17, P = 0.02) and studying at higher semesters (P < 0.001) with clinical self-efficacy. Conclusions: Self-efficacy is one of the important concepts to promote the clinical performance in nursing students. Therefore, it is recommended that to strengthen all aspects of clinical self-efficacy, organized educational programs with a supportive approach be developed.}, Keywords = {Self-Efficacy, Clinical Performance, Nursing Students}, volume = {5}, Number = {2}, pages = {1-7}, publisher = { انجمن علمی پرستاری ایران}, doi = {10.21859/ijpn-05021}, url = {http://ijpn.ir/article-1-912-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpn.ir/article-1-912-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatric Nursing}, issn = {2345-2501}, eissn = {2345-2528}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {EnayatGholampour, Monireh and Abdollahzadeh, Hass}, title = {Relationship between Personality Traits, Early Maladaptive Patterns, Optimism and Pessimism with Justification of Infidelity in Married Couples}, abstract ={Introduction: Infidelity seems an individual phenomenon at first glance, but considering the consequences and disadvantages on the family, raising children and also health and safety of the community, it is considered a hidden and serious social pathology. The present study was designed to determine the relationship between personality traits, early maladaptive patterns, optimism and pessimism with justification of infidelity in married couples. Methods: In this descriptive-analytical study, the research community was all married couples referred to counseling centers in Golestan Province in 2015 with a history of marital infidelity among which, 100 samples (50 males, and 50 females) were selected by the simple random sampling method. The research instruments were questionnaires of the personality traits of NEO, the early maladaptive patterns, the optimism and pessimism and infidelity justification. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics with the Smart PLS 2 software and the partial least squares method. Results: Results of the study showed a significant inverse relationship between early maladaptive patterns (β = -0.612 & T = 5.344) and optimism and pessimism (β = -0.195 & T = 2.273) with justification of marital infidelity. There was no significant relationship between personality characteristics and justification of marital infidelity (β = -0.21 & T = 1.781). Conclusions: In this study, most of the correlations were between early maladaptive patterns and justification of infidelity; therefore, it can be used to identify people at risk.}, Keywords = { Personality Traits, Early Maladaptive Patterns, Optimism and Pessimism, Infidelity}, volume = {5}, Number = {2}, pages = {8-14}, publisher = { انجمن علمی پرستاری ایران}, doi = {10.21859/ijpn-05022}, url = {http://ijpn.ir/article-1-881-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpn.ir/article-1-881-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatric Nursing}, issn = {2345-2501}, eissn = {2345-2528}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {izadi, neda and sajjadian, ilnaz}, title = {The Relationship between Dyadic Adjustment and Infertility-Related Stress: The Mediated Role of Self-compassion and Self-judgment}, abstract ={Introduction: Infertility-related stress can be seen as a complex construction including social, sexual and relationship concerns, need for parenthood and rejection of having a childfree life. Infertility can also have an effect on dyadic adjustment. Self-compassion is a procedure of emotional coping to increase self-esteem in infertile women and decrease infertility-related stress. Self-judgment is very weakening and stressful in infertile women. The aim of the present study was to investigate the mediating role of self-compassion and self-judgment in relationship between dyadic adjustment and infertility-related stress among infertile women in Isfahan City, Iran, in 2015. Methods: In this causal-comparative/correlational study, 282 women with primary and secondary infertility diagnosis were selected from the infertility centers of Isfahan city, in 2015, using the convenience sampling method. The participants were asked to complete the questionnaires including Fertility Problem Inventory, Dyadic Adjustment Scale and Self-Compassion Scale (short-form). To analyze the data, the equation model of AMOS (v. 22) was used. Results: The results revealed that dyadic adjustment had a direct effect on infertility-related stress (P < 0.05). The structural relationship between dyadic adjustments and infertility-related stress was appropriate. Self-compassion partially mediated the effect of dyadic adjustment on infertility-related stress and self-judgment fully mediated the effect of dyadic adjustment on infertility-related stress (P < 0.05). Conclusions: According to the results of the present study, providing a mood regulation therapy (self-compassion and self-judgment) and increase in dyadic adjustment will be useful to decrease infertility-related stress in infertile women.}, Keywords = {Infertility-Related Stress, Self-Compassion, Self-Judgment, Dyadic Adjustment}, volume = {5}, Number = {2}, pages = {15-22}, publisher = { انجمن علمی پرستاری ایران}, doi = {10.21859/ijpn-05023}, url = {http://ijpn.ir/article-1-829-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpn.ir/article-1-829-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatric Nursing}, issn = {2345-2501}, eissn = {2345-2528}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {1. EbrahimiBelil, Fatemeh and Alhani, Fatemeh and Ebadi, Abbas}, title = {Explaining the Concept of Self-esteem in Patients with Chronic Conditions Based on the Family-Centered Empowerment Model: A Directed Content Analysis}, abstract ={Introduction: Given the prevalence of chronic diseases and their consequences, supporting and empowering patients with such diseases and their families seems necessary. Family-centered support is one of the recent trends to change the role of families in giving care to patients. One aspect of the family-centered empowerment model is self-esteem. The aim of this study was to determine different aspects and characteristics of self-esteem in chronically ill patients. Methods: This qualitative study was conducted in two university hospitals located in Ardabil and Khalkhal, northwest of Iran, from May 2015 to March 2016. Data were collected through holding personal semi-structured interviews with eighteen participants including chronically-ill patients, family caregivers, and nurses. Data analysis was performed concurrently with data collection through the directed qualitative content analysis. Results: After analysis of the data, 239 codes about self-esteem of patients with chronic diseases that is a dimension of the family-centered empowerment model were extracted. Then, these codes were included in the subcategories of resilience, supportive family, and supportive society. Conclusions: The findings of this study show the dimensions of self-esteem in patients with chronic conditions that according to these dimensions, with planning and selecting effective ways to promote these dimensions, a key step can be taken to empower the chronically ill patients.}, Keywords = {Chronic Illness, Self-Esteem, Family-Centered Empowerment Model, Empowerment, Home Caregivers, Directed Content Analysis}, volume = {5}, Number = {2}, pages = {23-30}, publisher = { انجمن علمی پرستاری ایران}, doi = {10.21859/ijpn-05024}, url = {http://ijpn.ir/article-1-855-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpn.ir/article-1-855-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatric Nursing}, issn = {2345-2501}, eissn = {2345-2528}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {FarzanehGhassemloo, farzaneh and Yaghmaei, Farideh}, title = {Comparing Resilience and Quality of Life of Mothers with Delinquent Children and Mothers with Healthy Children}, abstract ={Introduction: Mothers with delinquent children with respect to various mental health factors are different from other mothers. The aim of this study was to compare the resilience and quality of life of mothers with delinquent children and mothers with healthy children in Zanjan City, Iran, in 2016. Methods: In this descriptive-comparative study, 120 mothers (60 mothers with delinquent children and 60 with healthy children) were selected using the convenience and purposive sampling methods. Data were collected by the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale and short-form health survey (SF-36(. Reliability of the SF-36 health survey was measured by the Cronbach's alpha (0.83) and test retest (0.83). The Cronbach's alpha of the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale was 0.89. Data were analyzed using the SPSS 21software. Results: There was a positive correlation between resilience and quality of life (P < 0.001) of mothers with delinquent children and also in mothers with healthy children (P < 0.001). Moreover, the quality of life and resilience of mothers with healthy children was higher than mothers with delinquent children. Conclusions: This study shows that the quality of life is positively correlated with resilience. Similarly, the quality of life and resilience of mothers with delinquent children is lower than the healthy ones. As such, to enhance the quality of life and the resilience of these mothers, it is recommended to organize training courses for mothers with delinquent children.}, Keywords = {Resilience, Quality of Life, Mothers of Delinquent Children and Healthy}, volume = {5}, Number = {2}, pages = {32-38}, publisher = { انجمن علمی پرستاری ایران}, doi = {10.21859/ijpn-05025}, url = {http://ijpn.ir/article-1-882-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpn.ir/article-1-882-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatric Nursing}, issn = {2345-2501}, eissn = {2345-2528}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Haghgoo, Amin and Zoladl, Mohammad and Afroughi, Soleiman and Rahimian, Houshang and SaeidMirzaee, Mohamm}, title = {Assessment of the Burden on Family Caregivers of Patients with Mental Disorders Hospitalized in Shahid Rajai Hospital in Yasuj, 2016}, abstract ={Introduction: The burden of caring for patients with mental disorders falls more on their family members who provide all necessary support. The burden of care is directly related to the needs of the patients. Most of the caregivers of the mentally ill patients experience the extreme burden of care. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the caregiver burden of family caregivers of patients with mental disorders hospitalized in Shaheed Rajai Hospital in Yasuj in 2016. Methods: In this analytical cross-sectional study, 246 family members of patients with mental disorders hospitalized in Shaheed Rajai Hospital in Yasuj, Iran, were selected using the convenience sampling method. After obtaining consent from the authorities and based on the inclusion criteria, data were collected using a demographic questionnaire and the caregiver burden inventory (Novak & Guest, 1989). Data collection was conducted for 6 months. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (demographic characteristics of samples, mean, standard deviation, percentage and frequency of the variables) and inferential statistics (independent t-test) by SPSS software version 21. Results: The mean age of the family caregivers of mentally ill patients was 34.53 ± 13.74 years. The highest frequency and percentage of home caregivers was reported for the children of mentally ill patients (114, 46.3%). The highest burden of care was seen on the moderate burden level, with the frequency and percentage of 34 (51.5%) and on the intense level with the frequency and percentage of 32 (48.5%), which showed no significant difference (P = 0.74). Among the components of caregiver burden, time-dependent burden with a mean (SD) of 15.01(1.66) had a maximum load. Conclusions: Considering that the burden of care can affect the quality of care of the mental patients, and can aggravate their mental conditions, necessary trainings are required to reduce the caregiver burden on the family caregivers of the mentally ill patients.}, Keywords = {Caregivers' Burden, Family's Caregivers, Mental Health Disorders}, volume = {5}, Number = {2}, pages = {39-44}, publisher = { انجمن علمی پرستاری ایران}, doi = {10.21859/ijpn-05026}, url = {http://ijpn.ir/article-1-804-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpn.ir/article-1-804-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatric Nursing}, issn = {2345-2501}, eissn = {2345-2528}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {hashemmatoori, hami}, title = {Investigating the Relationship between Psychological Capital and Perceived Organizational Support with Work Engagement among Nurses}, abstract ={Introduction: Today, the study of predictors of nurses' work engagement (the opposite of burnout) as a positive mindset and an effective factor in the nurses' quality of work life is very important. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between psychological capital and perceived organizational support with work engagement of the nurses in one public hospital. Methods: In this descriptive correlational study, the study population included all nurses in Ayatollah Taleghani Hospital, Tehran, in 2017. The sample consisted of 180 nurses who were selected using the convenience sampling method. Measurement tools included the work engagement scale and psychological capital and perceived organizational support questionnaires. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis). Results: Pearson correlation analyses showed that there was a significant positive relationship between psychological capital and perceived organizational support with work engagement (P < 0.01). Also, the results of the regression analysis showed that psychological capital and perceived organizational support had a significant role in explaining the variance in work engagement and could predict work engagement (P < 0.001). Conclusions: The findings of the present study show the importance of the role of psychological capital and perceived organizational support in predicting nurses’ work engagement. So, implementation of programs to enhance nurses' psychological capital and increase perceived organizational support can be helpful to improve and increase work engagement.}, Keywords = {Work Engagement, Psychological Capital, Perceived Organizational Support}, volume = {5}, Number = {2}, pages = {45-51}, publisher = { انجمن علمی پرستاری ایران}, doi = {10.21859/ijpn-05027}, url = {http://ijpn.ir/article-1-944-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpn.ir/article-1-944-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatric Nursing}, issn = {2345-2501}, eissn = {2345-2528}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Dieji, Bahman and NazeriAstane, Ali and Rezaie, Omid and Biglarian, Akbar and Amanat, Nasir}, title = {Comparison of the Efficacy of Risperidone and Aripiprazole in Combination with Sodium Valproate in Patients with Acute Manic or Mixed Episodes}, abstract ={Introduction: By increasing the number of effective treatments, mania is still remains a challenging problem for health systems. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of risperidone and aripiprazole in combination with sodium valproate in bipolar patients with acute manic or mixed episodes who were hospitalized in Razi Psychiatric Hospital in Tehran. Methods: This study was conducted as a double-blind randomized clinical trial in two groups of bipolar disorder patients with manic or mixed episodes (age rage, 18-65 years). The patients were randomly categorized into two groups who received valproate with aripiprazole or risperidone. The clinical response was assessed by the Young mania rating scale and weight gain within 3 and 6 weeks. Data were analyzed using the Chi-square test, paired t-test and analysis of covariance and repeated measures. Results: The study participants had no significant difference in demographic characteristics. Evaluation of the treatment response after 3 and 6 weeks (50% reduction in the Young's scale) in both groups showed no significant difference between the two therapeutic combinations. The combination of sodium valproate and risperidone showed higher weight gain in comparison with the combination of valproate and aripiprazole at the end of the week 6 (P < 0.001). Conclusions: The mentioned therapeutic combinations in the bipolar I disorder with a manic or mixed episode have a similar therapeutic effect. Also, there was no significant difference in their efficacy and both treatments can be used. However, due to the less weight gain, the combination of valproate and aripiprazole is recommended as a safer and more effective therapy in patients who were prone to weight gain.}, Keywords = {Bipolar disorder, Aripiprazole, Risperidone, Combination treatment, Valproate}, volume = {5}, Number = {2}, pages = {52-59}, publisher = { انجمن علمی پرستاری ایران}, doi = {10.21859/ijpn-05028}, url = {http://ijpn.ir/article-1-773-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpn.ir/article-1-773-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatric Nursing}, issn = {2345-2501}, eissn = {2345-2528}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Jahanian, Majid and SepehriShamloo, Zohreh}, title = {The Effect of Mindfulness on Marital Satisfaction: Emotional Intelligence as a Mediation}, abstract ={Introduction: Mindfulness develops the ability to observe thoughts and emotions as transient phenomena through increasing awareness of each ongoing moment. Thus, individual’s tendency to show automatic reaction to habitual or damaging procedures decreases. Awareness of such emotions can be influential in improving emotional intelligence as the ability to recognize the emotions of self and others and manage the emotions and consequently marital satisfaction increases, which is an objective function of happiness, satisfaction, and experienced pleasure by a wife or a husband through considering the whole aspects of their marriage. The present study was conducted to formulate and evaluate a model in which mindfulness leads to a change in marital satisfaction by means of emotional intelligence modifications. Methods: The present study was correlational with a structural equation method. Form a statistical population of married women of Isfahan City, 195 married women were selected by the convenient sampling and entered into the study. The five collected data-facet mindfulness questionnaire (FFMQ), trait meta-mood scale (TMMS), and marital satisfaction questionnaire (ENRICH). A structural equation approach was used to analyze the proposed model. Results: All fit indices were acceptable, the relative chi-square was 4.46, the comparative fit index (CFI) was 0.94, and the parsimony comparative fit index (PCFI) was 0.64. The direct and indirect effects of mindfulness on marital satisfaction were 0.1, and 0.44, respectively. Therefore, the results showed that the effect of mindfulness skills on nurturing marital satisfaction was significant. Mediation emotional intelligence had a significant but partial role in this model. Conclusions: The findings of this study suggest the general efficiency of the proposed model. So, training programs of mindfulness skills can be considered among new strategies to improve marital satisfaction.  }, Keywords = {Mindfulness, Emotional Intelligence, Marital Satisfaction, Structural Equation }, volume = {5}, Number = {3}, pages = {1-6}, publisher = { انجمن علمی پرستاری ایران}, doi = {10.21859/ijpn-05031}, url = {http://ijpn.ir/article-1-963-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpn.ir/article-1-963-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatric Nursing}, issn = {2345-2501}, eissn = {2345-2528}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Safaeian, Zohre and Hejazi, Sima Sadat and Delavar, Elahe and HoseiniAzizi, Tooba and Haresabadi, Mehdi}, title = {The Relationship between Caregiver Burden, and Depression, Anxiety and Stress in Family Caregivers of Cancer Patients Referred to Imam Reza Hospital in Bojnurd City}, abstract ={Introduction: Cancer and its complications are not limited to the patients and affect their caregivers. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between the caregiver burden, and stress, anxiety, and depression in these patients. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 100 caregivers of cancer patients referred to the Imam Reza Hospital in Bojnurd City were selected through the convenience sampling method. The data instruments included the caregiver burden questionnaire and depression, anxiety, and stress scale. Data were analyzed by Chi-square and independent t-test using SPSS v.16. Results: The mean and standard deviation of the caregiver burden and depression, anxiety, and stress scale were 29.79 ± 19.36 and 74.46 ± 19.88, respectively. The correlation between the caregiver burden and depression (0.598), anxiety (0.569), and stress (0.629) was positive and this relationship was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusions: The results of this study showed that more than half of cancer patient’s caregivers had experienced high and very high burden. In spite of this burden, their mental health is in an acceptable state. Caregivers' assessment and family-centered rehabilitation programs seem necessary.  }, Keywords = {Caregivers, Stress, Anxiety, Depression, Cancer, Caregiver Burden}, volume = {5}, Number = {3}, pages = {7-14}, publisher = { انجمن علمی پرستاری ایران}, doi = {10.21859/ijpn-05032}, url = {http://ijpn.ir/article-1-878-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpn.ir/article-1-878-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatric Nursing}, issn = {2345-2501}, eissn = {2345-2528}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {samadifard, Hamidreza and narimani, Mohamm}, title = {Prediction of Death Anxiety of Elderly Based on Mindfulness and Irrational Beliefs}, abstract ={Introduction: One of the important areas of health in the elderly is its psychological aspect, requiring special attention and prevention of disorders such as anxiety in them. Death anxiety as an abnormal fear of death undermines effective compatibility. The present study was conducted to predict death anxiety of the elderly based on mindfulness and irrational beliefs. Methods: The statistical population of this descriptive and correlative study included all the male elderly over 60 years in Ardabil in 2016, of whom 110 persons were selected as the statistical sample using the convenience sampling. To collect data, the mindfulness scale (MASS), irrational belief scale (IBT-A), and death anxiety scale (DAS) were used. The data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression methods with SPSS software version 23. Results: The study results showed a significant relationship between mindfulness and irrational beliefs with death anxiety. Additionally, multiple regression analysis showed that mindfulness (-0.35) and irrational beliefs (0.29) could significantly predict death anxiety of the elderly (P < 0.05). Conclusions: It can be concluded that mindfulness and irrational beliefs are considered among the predicting variables related to death anxiety.  }, Keywords = {Death Anxiety, Elderly, Mindfulness, Irrational Beliefs}, volume = {5}, Number = {3}, pages = {15-21}, publisher = { انجمن علمی پرستاری ایران}, doi = {10.21859/ijpn-05033}, url = {http://ijpn.ir/article-1-945-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpn.ir/article-1-945-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatric Nursing}, issn = {2345-2501}, eissn = {2345-2528}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Abbasi, Mohammad and Bavazin, Fateme and Mansouri, Leil}, title = {Effectiveness of Benson Relaxation Method on Reduction of Stress and Increase of the Number and Motility of Sperms among Infertile Males}, abstract ={Introduction: Psychologically, infertility is a critical period resulting from the imbalance between couples who expect a child, so that it becomes clear that they are not able to reach their goal. The aim of the present study was to determine the effectiveness of Benson relaxation method on reduction of stress and increasing the number and motility of sperms among infertile males. Methods: This study was conducted on males referring to two urologists in Khoramabad city, Iran in 2016. The subjects were selected through available sampling method; then, 15 people in experimental group (relaxation and drug therapy) and 15 people in control group (drug therapy) were assigned randomly. The instruments used in this study were demographic questionnaire, Niwton’s infertility questionnaire and spermogram test results. The entry conditions to the study were: 25 to 40 age range, no previous use of sedative drugs, no previous experience of relaxation, being infertile over one year, and not using drugs. Clomiphene Citrate and Zinc Plus were prescribed by the urologists for both groups. Stress pretest was conducted before the psychological intervention and drug therapy for each group. Then, stress posttest was conducted after ending the psychological intervention and before conducting the spermogram test. Results: Covariance analysis indicated that infertile males in the experimental group (relaxation training with drug therapy) in comparison with the control group (drug therapy) showed more reduction in the rate of stress. Moreover, according to the spermogram results, the rate of sperm motility in 73.33% of the experimental group (11 people) increased to over 50% and the number of sperms in 67% of them (10 people) increased to more than 20 million. In the control group that continued the drug therapy, the rate of sperm motility in 46.66% (7 people) was over 50% and the number of sperms in 60% (9 people) increased to more than 20 million. Conclusions: According to the results of this study, Benson relaxation method decreased stress and increased motility and the number of sperms. Therefore, fertility scientists are recommended to apply Benson relaxation method as an adjunctive therapy beside drug therapy to get desired outcomes.  }, Keywords = {Benson Relaxation, Relaxation Method on Reduction, Stress, Number and Motility of Sperms, Infertile Men}, volume = {5}, Number = {3}, pages = {22-28}, publisher = { انجمن علمی پرستاری ایران}, doi = {10.21859/ijpn-05034}, url = {http://ijpn.ir/article-1-940-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpn.ir/article-1-940-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatric Nursing}, issn = {2345-2501}, eissn = {2345-2528}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Nikpayma, Nasrin and Esmaeilie, Maryam and Azargoshasb, Yosef and Taghavi, Taraneh}, title = {The Effects of Self-management on Coping Strategies in Patients after Angioplasty}, abstract ={Introduction: Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death around the world and Iran. Due to the high number of deaths from heart disease, self-management programs need to be considered. This study aimed to examine the effects of self-management on coping strategies in patients after angioplasty. Methods: In this non-randomized clinical trial, 66 patients (30 in intervention and 30 in control groups) were selected from the two hospitals (Shariati and Imam Khomeini) of Tehran University of Medical Sciences using the convenience sampling method and according to the inclusion criteria of the study in 2016. Demographic data were collected by self-presentation and from the medical records of the patients before the study. Coping strategies were then measured before and after the intervention in two groups by the standard questionnaire of Lazarus and Folkman's coping strategies. The statistical analysis was performed using descriptive and analytical tests such as chi-square and independent t-test with the SPSS 16 software. Results: The results showed no significant difference between the intervention and control groups regarding the demographic characteristics. Also, there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups regarding the problem- focused (P = 0.85) and emotion-focused (P = 0.54) coping strategies. Statistical analysis showed that patients' self-management program could increase the use of problem-focused coping strategies (P = 0.005), but did not have any effect on the emotion-focused coping strategies (P = 0.25). Conclusions: Nursing can move towards a full implementation of self-management programs as part of nursing services to patients to help deal with problems and stress-related illnesses to improve patients’ quality of life.  }, Keywords = {Self- Management, Coping, Strategy, Angioplasty, Nursing}, volume = {5}, Number = {3}, pages = {29-36}, publisher = { انجمن علمی پرستاری ایران}, doi = {10.21859/ijpn-05035}, url = {http://ijpn.ir/article-1-935-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpn.ir/article-1-935-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatric Nursing}, issn = {2345-2501}, eissn = {2345-2528}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Ghaffari, Mozaffar and Narimani, Mohammad and Basharpoor, Sajjad and Hajlo, Nader}, title = {Comparison of the Effects of Personal Intelligence and Body Intelligence Training on the Symptoms of Social Anxiety in Cosmetic Surgery Applicants}, abstract ={Introduction: Personal intelligence and body intelligence are the most effective factors on the symptoms of social anxiety and it can have a basic role in decreasing the cosmetic surgery. This study was performed to compare the effects of personal intelligence and body intelligence training on the symptoms of social anxiety in cosmetic surgery applicants. Methods: This study was an experimental with pre-test, post-test and follow-up. The sample of the present study included 48 applicants referred to Tabriz cosmetic surgery centers for surgery in 2016. They were randomly assigned into personality intelligence training groups, body intelligence training groups and control groups. Mayer’s personal intelligence, Anderson’s body intelligence and Connor’s social phobia questionnaires were used to collect data. The data were analyzed by mixed ANOVA, Tukey's test and Bonferroni analysis with the SPSS 22 software. P value less than 0.05 was considered significant. Results: Personal intelligence and body intelligence training had significant effects on decreasing the social anxiety (Partial Eta2 = 0.810; F = 95.93; P < 0.000), fear (Partial Eta2 = 0.565; F = 29.23; P < 0.000), avoidance (Partial Eta2 = 0.830; F = 110.19; P < 0.000) and physiological discomfort (Partial Eta2 = 0.663; F = 44.29; P < 0.000) in cosmetic surgery applicants. However, no significant difference was found between these two interventions regarding the treatment of the social anxiety of the applicants. Conclusions: Considering to the effectiveness of personal and body intelligence training in decreasing the social anxiety in the cosmetic surgery applicants, it seems that personal and body intelligence training can reduce the cosmetic surgery tendency in applicants.  }, Keywords = {Personal Intelligence, Body Intelligence, Social Anxiety, Cosmetic Surgery, Applicants}, volume = {5}, Number = {3}, pages = {37-47}, publisher = { انجمن علمی پرستاری ایران}, doi = {10.21859/ijpn-05036}, url = {http://ijpn.ir/article-1-866-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpn.ir/article-1-866-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatric Nursing}, issn = {2345-2501}, eissn = {2345-2528}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Farmani-shahreza, SH and Bahmani, B and Ghaedniay-jahromi, A}, title = {The Effect of Cognitive-Existential Therapy on Cognitive Distortions in Women with HIV: A Single-Subject Study}, abstract ={Introduction: Cognitive distortions have an adverse effect on medical conditions of the HIV/AIDS patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of the cognitive-existential therapy on reduction of cognitive distortions in women with HIV. Methods: A single-subject study was conducted on three women with HIV who had been referred to the Sabzeh Parvar Therapy Center, Karaj, for the medical treatment during 2014-2015. Each person participated in ten (90-minute) individual sessions of the cognitive-existential therapy. Data were collected using the questionnaire of cognitive distortions (Hasanzadeh and Salar, 2008) for seven times (two times at the baseline phase, three times at the intervention phase, and two times at the follow-up phase). The collected data were analyzed by indicators of process changes, tilt, Cohen's effect size index and review of the ebb and flow of the charts. Results: The results showed a significant increase on cognitive distortions compared to the baseline and the most amount of increase was observed in the final treatment session. Although the scores decreased in the two follow-up sessions compared to the final session of the therapy, they showed a significant increment compared to the baseline. Increased scores of cognitive distortions showed positive thinking in patients. Conclusions: Considering the effectiveness of the cognitive-existential therapy on the reduction of cognitive distortions in patients with HIV, this intervention can be used to alleviate the psychological pain in this group.  }, Keywords = {Cognitive-Existential Therapy, Cognitive Distortions, Human Immunodeficiency Virus}, volume = {5}, Number = {3}, pages = {48-57}, publisher = { انجمن علمی پرستاری ایران}, doi = {10.21859/ijpn-05037}, url = {http://ijpn.ir/article-1-835-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpn.ir/article-1-835-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatric Nursing}, issn = {2345-2501}, eissn = {2345-2528}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Akhavan, Maedeh and Pourghane, Parand and Naderishad, Shay}, title = {Comparison of Mental Health of Freshmen and Senior Students of Operating Room and Anesthesia Majors}, abstract ={Introduction: Mental health is an important factor in harmonious relationship with others, in personal and social environments. The most important factors affecting mental health are stress and anxiety. Operating room is considered as one of the most stressful wards of a hospital in studies. The aim of this study was to determine and compare the mental health of freshmen and senior operating room and anesthesia majors' students and related factors in Guilan University of Medical Sciences to promote the mental health of this important group, which can also be associated with patients' health. Methods: This was a descriptive-analytical and cross-sectional study in 2015 and was conducted with census method on all freshmen and senior operating room and anesthesia students of Guilan University of Medical Sciences (119). Data collection tools included demographic information and General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28). SPSS software and Pearson chi-squared and Fisher's exact tests were used for data analysis. Results: The results showed that the number of students in the operating room who had mental health (75.6%) was more than the anesthesiology students (57.9%). While the relationship of gender and location was significant with social health subscales (P = 0.035 and P = 0.44, respectively), the relationship between mental health and academic major, as well as with other demographic characteristics was not significant. Conclusions: The implications of performance of operating room and anesthesiology student in the near future will be associated with the health system. Because of the presence or absence of a significant relationship in some demographic characteristics with mental health and its subscales, more studies need to be conducted assessing the factors affecting the mental health of this group for proper planning, aimed at improving the health of this valuable community.  }, Keywords = {Mental health ,operating room students, anesthesia students, the General Health Questionnaire}, volume = {5}, Number = {3}, pages = {58-64}, publisher = { انجمن علمی پرستاری ایران}, doi = {10.21859/ijpn-05038}, url = {http://ijpn.ir/article-1-810-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpn.ir/article-1-810-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatric Nursing}, issn = {2345-2501}, eissn = {2345-2528}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Rahimaghaee, Flora and Hoveida, Fatemeh and Hatamipour, Khadijeh}, title = {The Relationship between Social Capital and Organizational Citizenship Behavior with Nurses\' General Health in Governmental Hospitals of West Mazandaran}, abstract ={Introduction: General health is one of the important psychological characteristics. The most important variables related to nurses' general health include social capital and organizational citizenship behavior. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between social capital and organizational citizenship behavior with nurses' general health. Methods: This descriptive, analytical and correlational study was conducted on all nurses of governmental hospitals in west Mazandaran in 2016. Two hundred nurses were selected by the stratified random sampling method and completed the questionnaires of general health, social capital and organizational citizenship behavior. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation and multiple regression models with a step by step model by the SPSS 19 software. Results: The results showed a negative significant relationship between social capital and organizational citizenship behavior with the nurses' general health. The high score in the general health questionnaire was meant as low in general health. Thus, by increasing social capital and organizational citizenship behavior, the general health of nurses will increase. Also, the variables were able to predict 33.7% of changes in general health of nurses. The share of organizational citizenship behavior was greater than social capital (P < 0.01). Conclusions: It is suggested that planners, counselors, and therapists take care about the signs of the variables of organizational citizenship behavior and social capital, and then design and implement appropriate programs to improve the general health of nurses.  }, Keywords = {General Health, NursesSocial Capital, Organizational Citizenship Behavior}, volume = {5}, Number = {4}, pages = {1-7}, publisher = { انجمن علمی پرستاری ایران}, doi = {10.21859/ijpn-05041}, url = {http://ijpn.ir/article-1-933-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpn.ir/article-1-933-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatric Nursing}, issn = {2345-2501}, eissn = {2345-2528}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Atadokht, Akbar and Majdy, Nouraddi}, title = {Comparison of Brain/Behavioral Systems, Cognitive Emotion Regulation and Cognitive Failures in Patients with Schizophrenia Disorder, Major Depression Disorder and Normal Individuals}, abstract ={Introduction: This study aimed to compare the inhibition/activation behavioral systems, positive and negative cognitive emotion regulation strategies and cognitive failures in patients with schizophrenia disorder, depression disorder and normal individuals. Methods: The method was a descriptive and causal-comparative study and the statistical population included all male patients (n=65) with schizophrenia and depression in Isar and Fatemi Hospitals in Ardabil city in 2016. Thirty schizophrenic patients and 30 depressed patients were sampled by the census method and were compared with 30 normal subjects. Data were collected using the Carver and White’s behavioral inhibition and activation questionnaire (BIS/BAS), Garnefski’s cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire (CERQ) and cognitive failures questionnaire (CFQ). Then, the data were analyzed using chi-square, multivariate analysis of variance and LSD by the SPSS18 software. Results: The results showed that normal subjects had more sensitivity than depressed and schizophrenic patients in a behavioral activation system and also both depressed and schizophrenic patients had more sensitivity than normal people in a behavioral inhibition system (P < 0.05). However, no significant difference was found between depressed and schizophrenic patients in a behavioral activation system and behavioral inhibition system sensitivity (P > 0.05). In the emotion regulation strategy, normal people used adaptive emotion regulation, and depressed and schizophrenic patients used maladaptive emotion regulation styles. Finally, schizophrenia patients had cognitive failures more than depressed patients, and depressed patients had deficits more than normal people (P < 0.05). Conclusions: These findings show that brain/behavioral systems, emotion regulation and cognitive failures play an important role in pathology of schizophrenia and depression disorders and can be an important therapeutic target in the treatment and rehabilitation.  }, Keywords = {Behavioral Activation System, Behavioral Inhibition System, Positive Emotion Regulation Strategies, Negative Emotion Regulation Strategies, Cognitive Failures}, volume = {5}, Number = {4}, pages = {8-18}, publisher = { انجمن علمی پرستاری ایران}, doi = {10.21859/ijpn-05042}, url = {http://ijpn.ir/article-1-917-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpn.ir/article-1-917-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatric Nursing}, issn = {2345-2501}, eissn = {2345-2528}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Abdollahpour, Nazi and Seyedfatemi, Naeemeh and HakimShooshtari, Mitra and Mehran, Abbas}, title = {The Effect of Education on Sense of Competence of Mothers of Children with Hyperactivity Disorder}, abstract ={Introduction: Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common psychiatric disorders among children. Three to five percent of children suffer from this disorder. The behavioral problems of children with ADHD affect the sense of competence of mothers. Sense of competence is an important factor to perceive the parent role and satisfaction of parent role to support the child and establishing good order and discipline. The present study aimed to examine the effect of education on sense of competence of the mothers of the children with ADHD. Methods: This semi-experimental study was conducted in Tehran in 2015. The study population was 100 literate mothers of children with ADHD. The mean age of the children was 7-11 years. The study methodology is convenience and random sampling method of clinical centers. Then, using the random method, it was shown which center was control and which center was experimental group. Children were selected from two educational medical centers of Tehran Psychiatric Institute (experimental group, n = 50) and Ali Asghar Medical Center (control group, n = 50). Data were collected using demographic questionnaire and the questionnaire of Parenting Sense of Competence. This program was held during 8 sessions (60 min, one session per week) for the experiment groups (groups of 5-12 mothers). The control groups received no intervention. Three months after the completion of the questionnaires, pre-test, and post-test were performed for the control groups. One month after the last session, post-test was performed by the completion of questionnaires in the experiment groups. The data were analyzed using SPSS 22 software. Results: The mean values of sense of competence of mothers were compared before and after the intervention. The result of independent t-test showed that there was no significant difference between the score of sense of competence after the intervention in two groups. Thus, two groups are homogenous in terms of the sense of competence after the intervention (P = 0.256). There was no significant difference in other items. Conclusions: There was no significant difference in the sense of competence of mothers after the intervention and this sense can be affected by different factors Also, short-term training cannot have a significant effect on it. Further studies are suggested to perform regarding the sense of competence and the effect of other educational approaches on this sense.  }, Keywords = {Education, Sense of Competence, Mothers, ADHD}, volume = {5}, Number = {4}, pages = {19-26}, publisher = { انجمن علمی پرستاری ایران}, doi = {10.21859/ijpn-05043}, url = {http://ijpn.ir/article-1-901-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpn.ir/article-1-901-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatric Nursing}, issn = {2345-2501}, eissn = {2345-2528}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {HajiAghaei, Nasser and Sheikhi, Mohammad Reza and Zeighami, Reza and Alipour, Mahmu}, title = {Follow up of the Impact of Family-Centered Psychoeducation Based on Atkinson and Coia\'s Model on the Relapse and Severity of Symptoms in Schizophrenia}, abstract ={Introduction: Frequent relapse and hospitalization of schizophrenic patients could impose large financial burdens on families and healthcare systems. This study aimed at tracking the nine-month effect of psychoeducation based on the Atkinson-Coia model on the recurrence and severity of the symptoms of schizophrenia. Methods: This quasi-experimental study was performed on 100 hospitalized patients with schizophrenia, during year 2016 in the city of Qazvin. The patients were randomly allocated to 2 groups (50 patients per group). In the experimental group, family training, attended by the primary caregiver, was held in 8 sessions. In order to evaluate the relapse and severity of the symptoms, the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) was used. For data analysis, Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), Chi-square, paired t test, and independent t test were performed, using SPSS version 23. Results: The greatest impact in reducing the severity of symptoms in the test group occurred during the fifth month, so on average, the symptoms were reduced by 8.16 points and this relationship was significant (P = 0.001). In the sixth month, the severity of symptoms in the test (experimental) group, compared to a month earlier was increased by one point, on average, while, up to the eighth month, the severity of symptoms was almost constant and increased by 36 points in the ninth month. The results showed that there was a significant relationship between psycho-education and relapse of schizophrenia, except for the first month. Conclusions: According to the nine-month follow-up trend, psychoeducation could effectively reducing the severity of symptoms and recurrence of schizophrenia. According to the findings of this study, it is better to repeat the training every six months.  }, Keywords = {Schizophrenia, Recurrence, Family}, volume = {5}, Number = {4}, pages = {27-33}, publisher = { انجمن علمی پرستاری ایران}, doi = {10.21859/ijpn-05044}, url = {http://ijpn.ir/article-1-996-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpn.ir/article-1-996-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatric Nursing}, issn = {2345-2501}, eissn = {2345-2528}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Rahnama, Maral and Sajjadian, Ilnaz and Raoufi, Amir}, title = {The Effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy on Psychological Distress and Medication Adherence of Coronary Heart Patients}, abstract ={Introduction: Psychological distress and lack of medication adherence is an important problem in patients with coronary artery disease. The aim of this research was to investigate the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy on psychological distress and medication adherence of patients with coronary artery disease in Isfahan. Methods: The research design was semi-experimental with pre-test and post-test, control group, and a 1-month follow-up. For this purpose, among patients with coronary artery disease, who were referred to cardiovascular clinics of Isfahan in the first 6 months of 2015, 2 clinics were selected and 30 patients were selected by available sampling and distributed in 2 groups of experiment and control, randomly (15 individuals in each group). Participants completed psychological distress and medication adherence scale before and after the intervention and one month later, during follow up. The experimental group participated in 8 sessions (90-minute each) of acceptance and commitment therapy (Hayes, 2010), yet no intervention was carried out for the control group. Results: Repeated measures analysis showed a significant difference between the 2 groups in psychological distress (depression, anxiety, and stress) and medication adherence (P < 0.05). Conclusions: According to the results, using acceptance and commitment therapy is useful to improve psychological distress and medication adherence of coronary artery disease patients in Isfahan.  }, Keywords = {Psychological Distress, Medication Adherence, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, Coronary Artery Disease Patient}, volume = {5}, Number = {4}, pages = {34-43}, publisher = { انجمن علمی پرستاری ایران}, doi = {10.21859/ijpn-05045}, url = {http://ijpn.ir/article-1-942-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpn.ir/article-1-942-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatric Nursing}, issn = {2345-2501}, eissn = {2345-2528}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Hosseinigolafshani, Seyedeh zahra and Oveisi, Sonia and Rashvand, Farnoosh and Goudarzi, Fateme and Mafi, Mohamad hossei}, title = {A Study on Effects of Perception of God on Hemodialysis Patients in Qazvin during Year 2016}, abstract ={Introduction: Perception of god is a major and fundamental basis for formation of relationships between people and social community. In fact, a more conversant and deeper perception of god could enhance one’s quality of daily interactions and behavior. The aim of this study was to determine the dimensions of perception of God on hemodialysis patients of Qazvin city. Methods: The current study employed an analytic-descriptive method on 100 hemodialysis patients visiting Avicenna Healthcare Training Center. Samples were selected randomly. For gathering information about perception of god, Lawrence’s questionnaire of perception of god was employed. Analyzing the data was conducted via IBM SPSS Statistics v. 22 and its descriptive tools. Results: Findings from the current study indicated that among subscales of perception of god, “providence” with a mean and standard deviation of 33.6 ± 3.2 was at the highest level and “influence” with a mean and standard deviation of 31.2 ± 34 was at the lowest level. Moreover, the ratings of perception of god in female samples, with a mean and standard deviation of 195.6 ± 10.3, was higher than male counterparts. Conclusions: According to the findings derived from this study and sexual differences, with holding training courses on topics like familiarization with concept of perception of god and its subconscious effects on daily life interactions, self-care capacity, and quality of life in hemodialysis patients could be improved.  }, Keywords = {Perception of God, Hemodialysis, Patients}, volume = {5}, Number = {4}, pages = {44-51}, publisher = { انجمن علمی پرستاری ایران}, doi = {10.21859/ijpn-05046}, url = {http://ijpn.ir/article-1-980-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpn.ir/article-1-980-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatric Nursing}, issn = {2345-2501}, eissn = {2345-2528}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Ajalli, Amin and FallahiKhoshknab, Masoud and Mohammadi, Isa and SiratiNir, Masou}, title = {Exploring the Nurses\' Perception of Patient Safety in Psychiatric Wards: A Qualitative Study}, abstract ={Introduction: In the psychiatric wards, numerous and diverse safety events occur for patients, leading to adverse physical and psychological consequences. The present study aimed at investigating nurses’ experience of patient safety in these wards. Methods: This was a qualitative research based on conventional content analysis and inductive method. Thus, 19 nurses were selected from Razi psychiatric center, Shafa, and Atieh center using purposive sampling. Data were collected using in-depth semi-structured interviews. Results: According to continuous analysis and comparison of data, nurses’ perceptions of patient safety were identified and they included a theme of ‘‘inconvenient patients-potential risk creators’’ and three categories: patient high-risk behaviors, unsafe space, and unwanted risks. Each category had several different sub-categories. Conclusions: Given the nature of mental illness and taking into account the role of patients in safety events, care for patient safety in psychiatric wards is a diverse and multi-faceted topic. Applying an appropriate and adequate number of nursing staff, creating knowledge and readiness for nurses, and using appropriate facilities for improving patient safety in these wards is essential.  }, Keywords = {Hospital, Nurses, Patient Safety, Patients, Psychiatric Care}, volume = {5}, Number = {4}, pages = {52-60}, publisher = { انجمن علمی پرستاری ایران}, doi = {10.21859/ijpn-05047}, url = {http://ijpn.ir/article-1-982-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpn.ir/article-1-982-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatric Nursing}, issn = {2345-2501}, eissn = {2345-2528}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Alipour, Rasoul and HajiAlizadeh, Kobr}, title = {Comparison of the Effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Group Therapy and Drug Therapy on Treatment of Patients with Major Depressive Disorder}, abstract ={Introduction: Besides traditional methods of pharmacotherapy, the effectiveness of the third wave of cognitive and behavioral approaches, especially in the field of depression, has been the subject of considerable debate in the recent years. Thus, this study was conducted to compare the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment group therapy (ACT) and pharmacotherapy on the improvement of patients with major depressive disorder. Methods: This study was quasi-experimental with a pretest-posttest design and a control group and two experimental groups. The statistical population consisted of all patients on maintenance therapy with a diagnosis of major depressive disorder at welfare centers of Shahrekord city (Chaharmahal-o-Bakhtiari Province, Iran) in 2015. Forty-five patients were selected using the convenient sampling method and randomly allocated into three groups of ACT therapy, pharmacotherapy, and a control group. The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) was used for data collection and the data were analyzed using analysis of covariance and the Scheffe tests by the SPSS software. Results: The mean scores of the post-test for the ACT therapy, pharmacotherapy, and the control group were 12.40, 23.13, and 36.27, respectively. The results showed that there was a significant difference between the mean scores of the two experimental groups (ACT therapy, and pharmacotherapy) and that of the control group (F = 110.33, P < 0.001). Also, both treatments had a significant effect on reducing the symptoms of the major depressive disorder, although the ACT therapy was more effective than the pharmacotherapy. Conclusions: According to the findings of this study, the ACT therapy can be suggested as an effective method and as a beneficial clinical intervention, along with pharmacotherapy, to improve depression.  }, Keywords = {Hospital, Nurses, Patient Safety, Patients, Psychiatric Care}, volume = {5}, Number = {4}, pages = {61-68}, publisher = { انجمن علمی پرستاری ایران}, doi = {10.21859/ijpn-05048}, url = {http://ijpn.ir/article-1-930-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpn.ir/article-1-930-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatric Nursing}, issn = {2345-2501}, eissn = {2345-2528}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Abbasi, Mohammad and ShehniYailagh, Manijeh}, title = {The Effect of Teaching Self-determination Skills on Optimistic Explanatory Style and Academic Identity of Primary Male Students with Learning Disabilities}, abstract ={Introduction: This study aimed at examining the effects of teaching self-determination skills on the optimistic explanatory style and academic identity of primary male students with learning disabilities in Ahwaz city, Iran. Methods: The present study was a field experimental study with pre-test/post-test and follow-up. The sample consisted of 27 primary male students with learning disabilities who were enrolled in the academic year of 2013-2014. The participants were selected using the random sampling method, and randomly assigned into two groups of experimental and control. Data were collected using the Children’s Attribution Style Questionnaire-Revised (CASQ-R) and Academic Identity Scale (AIS). Before teaching self-determination to the experimental group, the pre-tests of the optimistic explanatory style and academic identity were administrated to both groups. Then, the teaching package of self-determination was administered to the experimental group and no training was provided to the control group. After the completion of the course, the optimistic explanatory style and academic identity post-tests were administrated to both groups and seven weeks later were administrated again. Results: Results showed that teaching self-determination significantly increased the optimistic explanatory style (P < 0.002), and academic identity (P < 0.003) in these students. Also, the results indicated that teaching self-determination had a persistent effect on the optimistic explanatory style (P < 0.002) and academic identity (P < 0.002) over time. Conclusions: Teaching self-determination skills can increase the optimistic explanatory style and academic identity.  }, Keywords = {Self-Determination, Optimistic Explanatory Style, Academic Identity, Learning Disabilities}, volume = {5}, Number = {5}, pages = {1-8}, publisher = { انجمن علمی پرستاری ایران}, doi = {10.21859/ijpn-05051}, url = {http://ijpn.ir/article-1-987-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpn.ir/article-1-987-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatric Nursing}, issn = {2345-2501}, eissn = {2345-2528}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Jafari, Asghar and Behboodi, Masoumeh}, title = {The Efficacy of Aerobic Exercises in Reducing Loneliness and Promoting Happiness in Elderly}, abstract ={Introduction: Elderliness is a stage of the life process after midlife, which is associated with psycho-emotional problems, dependency to others, loneliness and decreased physical abilities. Aerobic exercises help elderly in focusing, decreasing anxiety and experiencing positive emotions. Therefore, this study aimed at investigating the effect of aerobic exercises on reducing loneliness and promoting the level of happiness in elderly. Methods: In this experimental study with pretest-posttest and control group, 30 elderly (age > 60) were selected through simple random sampling among elderly in the region 8 of Tehran and equally assigned into the two groups of experimental and control (n = 15, each group). Data were collected using the questionnaires of Rossel and Fergosen loneliness and Oxford happiness. Aerobic exercises treated on participants in the experimental group in 10 group sessions and after that, loneliness and happiness were measured in posttest and the data were analyzed using MANCOVA. Results: Results showed that aerobic exercises can significantly reduce loneliness and promote the level of happiness of elderly (P < 0.01). Conclusions: The results provide some evidence to suggest that aerobic exercises can be an appropriate motor-therapy technique for reducing loneliness and promoting happiness in elderly. Therefore, in order to reduce loneliness and promote happiness in the elderly, it may be useful for the elderly to be encouraged to do daily aerobic exercises.  }, Keywords = {Aerobic Exercise, Loneliness, Happiness, Elderly}, volume = {5}, Number = {5}, pages = {9-17}, publisher = { انجمن علمی پرستاری ایران}, doi = {10.21859/ijpn-05052}, url = {http://ijpn.ir/article-1-971-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpn.ir/article-1-971-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatric Nursing}, issn = {2345-2501}, eissn = {2345-2528}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Amanelahi, Abbas and Refahi, Niloofar and Rajabi, Gholamrez}, title = {Predicting Sexual Dysfunction Based on Sexual Self-Esteem and Intimacy with Spouse among Female College Students with and without Sexual Dysfunction Disorder}, abstract ={Introduction: An ideal marriage is a lifelong commitment. As marriage is the only form of relationship where sexual relationship is expected, much emphasis is made bout marital sexuality and monogamy. Those who do not have sufficient sexual interactions with their partners might engage in other options, such as ending the relationship and seeking other relationships to fulfill their need. The aim of the current research was to predict sexual dysfunction based on sexual self-esteem and intimacy with spouse among female college students with and without sexual dysfunction disorder. Methods: The research method was correlational and predictive. The statistical population included all married female students of universities of Ahvaz in the academic year of 2016 to 17 among whom 270 students were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria and using the purposive-available sampling method. The participants replied to Rosens' Female Sexual Function Index, Zeanah and Schwarz's Sexual Self-esteem Scale, and Walker and Thompson's Intimacy Scale. For data analysis, discriminant analysis method and SPSS-23 software were used. Results: Results indicated that linear combination of research variables could differentiate between sexual dysfunction among students and discriminant analysis showed that sexual intimacy and self-esteem were the best criteria for distinguishing females with sexual dysfunction from those without sexual dysfunction, respectively (P < 0.001). Conclusions: According to the results, sexual dysfunction could be prevented among couples with appropriate training to increase sexual self-esteem and intimacy.  }, Keywords = {Sexual Dysfunction Disorder, Intimacy, Sexual Self-esteem}, volume = {5}, Number = {5}, pages = {18-25}, publisher = { انجمن علمی پرستاری ایران}, doi = {10.21859/ijpn-05053}, url = {http://ijpn.ir/article-1-964-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpn.ir/article-1-964-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatric Nursing}, issn = {2345-2501}, eissn = {2345-2528}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {ZeqeibiGhannad1, Simin and Fateminik, Tayebe and Alipoor, Sirus}, title = {The Role of Sleep Quality, Social Support and Fatigue on Daily Life Self-Efficacy in People with Spinal Cord Injury}, abstract ={Introduction: Spinal cord injury includes a range of disabilities for patients. One of the main concerns of these patients is the ability to adapt to various tasks of daily life. Thus, the present research aimed at investigating the role of social support, sleep quality, and fatigue in people with spinal cord injury. Methods: Overall, 157 people with Spinal Cord Injury referring to Welfare Organization of Khorramabad city completed the Daily Living Self-Efficacy Scale, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, the Fatigue Symptom Inventory, and the Sleep Quality Scale. Data were analyzed using path analysis and the Boot Strap method. Results: The results showed that social support and sleep quality both directly and through emotional and physical dimensions of fatigue influenced daily life self-efficacy. In summary, social support, sleep quality, and fatigue explained 43% of daily life self-efficacy variance. Conclusions: These findings showed that social support and sleep quality in patients with spinal cord injury affect fatigue and thus, are related to the feeling of efficacy in people with spinal cord injury.  }, Keywords = {Social Support, Sleep Quality, Daily Life Self-Efficacy, Fatigue, People with Spinal Cord Injury}, volume = {5}, Number = {5}, pages = {26-33}, publisher = { انجمن علمی پرستاری ایران}, doi = {10.21859/ijpn-05054}, url = {http://ijpn.ir/article-1-958-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpn.ir/article-1-958-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatric Nursing}, issn = {2345-2501}, eissn = {2345-2528}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Shaheri, Kobra and MoradiBaglooei, Mohammad and Sarichloo, Mohammad Ebrahim and Alipour, Mahmoo}, title = {Examining the Effect of Metacognitive Group Therapy on Anxiety among Caregivers of Hospitalized Patients with Schizophrenia}, abstract ={Introduction: Schizophrenia is a severe and disabling disorder which, along with its negative effects on a patients, has numerous negative impacts on primary caregivers of these patients and can cause anxiety in them. Metacognitive therapy as one of the most effective therapies is used for treating a wide range of anxiety disorders. This study aimed to examine the effect of group metacognitive therapy on level of anxiety in caregivers of patients with schizophrenia. Methods: This clinical trial was followed by a pretest-posttest design with a control group. Among all caregivers of patients with schizophrenia hospitalized at 22nd Bahman Hospital in Qazvin, 60 individuals were selected using a simple random sampling method. Finally, considering the inclusion criteria, 45 individuals were randomly selected and assigned to two experimental (23 individuals) and control (22 individuals) groups. Since three people from the experimental group abandoned the study, the number of participants placed in each group decreased to 20 people. With six-day intervals, the experimental group took part in ten 90-minute group metacognitive therapy sessions developed by Wells. However, during this time, no therapeutic interventions were conducted on the control group. Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory was used as an assessment tool in the pretest, posttest, and the two-month follow-up. Data were analyzed via SPSS 23 using descriptive statistics and mixed between-within subjects ANOVA (repeated measures analysis of variance). Results: Results of the present study demonstrated that after conducting the metacognitive therapeutic intervention, a mean score of state-trait anxiety obtained by the experimental group significantly decreased compared to that of the control group (P < 0.01). These results indicated that metacognitive group therapy was effective on decreasing anxiety and in posttest and follow-up, compared to pretest, anxiety among the experimental group significantly decreased. In addition, no significant differences were found between a mean anxiety score obtained by the experimental group in the follow-up compared to that obtained in the posttest (P > 0.05), which showed the continuation of therapy effectiveness until the follow-up. Conclusions: The caregivers of schizophrenic patients who underwent the metacognitive therapy obtained lower anxiety scores compared to the control group. Therefore, the results suggests that this therapy may lead to a decrease in anxiety among caregivers of patients with schizophrenia.  }, Keywords = {Anxiety, Metacognitive Therapy, Schizophrenia, Caregivers}, volume = {5}, Number = {5}, pages = {34-42}, publisher = { انجمن علمی پرستاری ایران}, doi = {10.21859/ijpn-05055}, url = {http://ijpn.ir/article-1-992-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpn.ir/article-1-992-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatric Nursing}, issn = {2345-2501}, eissn = {2345-2528}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {ZareieShabkhaneh, Robab and KhodaeiArdakani, Mohammad Reza and Karimlou, Masoud and Rahgozar, Mahdi}, title = {Identification of Some Risk Factors of Recurrent Relapses Interval Duration in Patients with Schizoaffective Disorder}, abstract ={Introduction: Identifying risk factors of recurrent relapses interval durations in patients with schizoaffective disorder in order to increase the intervals of relapses is important. Controlling the disorder procedure in this recursive disorder is one of the treatment stages. This study aimed to identify some risk factors of recurrent relapses intervals in patients with schizoaffective disorder. Methods: Medical records of 212 treated patients with schizoaffective disorder in Tehran Razi Mental Center were investigated. In addition to the recurrent relapses and hospital discharge times, factors including gender, marital status, education, and history of substance abuse, alcohol and psychedelic pills usage were also investigated as possible influential factors in the process. Gap time recurrent frailty model of survival analysis was fitted to the data and model parameters were estimated using EM algorithm with R3.2.1 software. Results: Of the patients, 74.5%, 33% and 67% were male, single and with history of smoking, respectively. Frailty parameter was significant (θ ̂ = 0.232, P = 0.021). Gender (P < 0.001), marital status (P = 0.017), education (P < 0.001), occupation (P = 0.035) and history of drug abuse (P = 0.041) were the factors identified as significant risk factors of recurrent relapse intervals. The frailty variance (θ ̂  = 0.232, P = 0.021) indicated wide individual variations in characters, which were significant. Conclusions: Significance of the frailty parameter indicated that the impact of entered individual factors on relapse intervals in patient with schizoaffective disorder was unmeasurable. Male patients indicated 0.78 times more than females, illiterates 0.9 times less than those with diplomas, singles 0.83 times more than married people, psychotropic pills consumers 0.91 times and alcohol consumers 0.83 times more than others, and self-employed people, housewives and unemployed ones experienced subsequent relapses 0.85, 0.81 and 0.83 times faster.  }, Keywords = {Schizoaffective Disorder, Delayed Relapses, Recurrent Gap-Time Model with Frailty, Survival Analysis }, volume = {5}, Number = {5}, pages = {43-48}, publisher = { انجمن علمی پرستاری ایران}, doi = {10.21859/ijpn-05056}, url = {http://ijpn.ir/article-1-1012-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpn.ir/article-1-1012-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatric Nursing}, issn = {2345-2501}, eissn = {2345-2528}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {MousviDiva, Razie and Moghadam, Nasire and Amani, Omi}, title = {Evaluating Family Functioning and Spiritual Health in Women with Breast Cancer, Cancer-Treated and Healthy Women}, abstract ={Introduction: Family by sharing common beliefs helps its members to deal with critical situations and have a positive outlook in mind. In line with the important function of a family in coping with problems, people's spiritual orientation also plays a decisive role in the acceptance of the problems and compatibility with them. This study aimed to compare the performance of family and spiritual health in women with the breast cancer, breast cancer-treated women and their healthy counterparts. Methods: In this case-control study, 50 women with breast cancer, 50 breast cancer-treated women and 50 healthy women were selected by purposeful sampling from Shohadaye Tajrish Hospital in Tehran and were compared in terms of spiritual well-being and family functioning. The data collection tool was a questionnaire of spiritual health and family functions. The data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of variance by the SPSS 22 software. Results: Results showed that components of problem solving, communication and roles in the variables of family function, existential well-being and the total score of spiritual well-being of women under the breast cancer treatment were significantly lower than the other two groups of women stopping the treatment and the healthy women (P < 0.05). Also, there was a significant difference between the scores of women with the breast cancer and those who had treated; scores in the components of religious health and the total score of spiritual health were lower in women under the treatment compared to the other two groups (P < 0.05). There was only a significant difference in the spiritual health between the treated women and healthy ones; the treated women had a lower score in spiritual health compared to the healthy women. Conclusions: The family function and spiritual health directly and indirectly affects the mental health of patients with breast cancer and the process of physical recovery. According to these findings, providing family-therapeutic and spiritual therapy-based interventions to improve family function and increase spiritual well-being is among the research priorities.  }, Keywords = {Spiritual Health, Family Function, Chemotherapy, Breast Cancer}, volume = {5}, Number = {5}, pages = {49-56}, publisher = { انجمن علمی پرستاری ایران}, doi = {10.21859/ijpn-05057}, url = {http://ijpn.ir/article-1-968-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpn.ir/article-1-968-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatric Nursing}, issn = {2345-2501}, eissn = {2345-2528}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Emamgholian, Fatemeh and Hosseinabadi-farahani, MohammadJavad and Keshavarz, Mi}, title = {Relationship between Spiritual Intelligence and Competences in Providing Spiritual care in Nursing Students.}, abstract ={Introduction: Spirituality as one dimensions of human have an important role in health. Identification spiritual intelligence and spiritual care especially in nursing students as future health provider is very important. Thus this study aimed to determine relationship between spiritual intelligence and competences in providing spiritual care in nursing students. Methods: This descriptive-correlational study was conducted on 185 undergraduate nursing students selected through the census method. Data were collected using a personal demographic information form, Spiritual Intelligence Questionnaire and the competences in providing spiritual care scale. Validity and reliability with internal consistency was conducted. Data were analyzed using descriptive and analytical statistics in SPSS-16. Results: Spiritual intelligence and competences in providing spiritual care had a positive and significant relationship(r=0.23, p=0.001). Mean scores of spiritual intelligence was 116.18 ± 15.19 and mean scores of competences in providing spiritual care was 90.9±18.53. Students interested in nursing had a positive relationship with spiritual intelligence and competences in providing spiritual care (p<0.05).Educational semester had a negative correlational with competences in providing spiritual care(r= -0.28,p<0.05).    Conclusion: According to the results intention to spiritual intelligence and humanity and spiritual capacities in nursing students as powerful point can provide better professional future in holistic care. Also entry of people interested to nursing can appeal attention of nursing students to spirituality and spiritual care for patients. }, Keywords = {Spirituality, Spiritual intelligence, Spiritual care, Holistic care, Nursing students}, volume = {5}, Number = {5}, pages = {57-63}, publisher = { انجمن علمی پرستاری ایران}, url = {http://ijpn.ir/article-1-1016-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpn.ir/article-1-1016-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatric Nursing}, issn = {2345-2501}, eissn = {2345-2528}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Moradzadeh, Fariba and Pirkhaefi, Alirez}, title = {The Effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy on Marital Satisfaction and Cognitive Flexibility among Married Employees of the Welfare Office}, abstract ={Introduction: Improving psychological characteristics, among the most important being marital satisfaction and cognitive flexibility, in married employees of the welfare office is of great importance due to their stresses. The aim of this research was to investigate the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy on marital satisfaction and cognitive flexibility among married employees of the welfare office. Methods: The present research was semi-experimental with a pre-test and post-test with control groups. The statistical population included all married employees of the welfare office of Varamin city, during year 2016. A total of 30 individuals were selected by the available sampling method and randomly assigned to two equal groups. The experimental group underwent 8 sessions of 90 minutes educated by Bach and Moran’s acceptance and commitment therapy. Both groups completed the questionnaires of Olson and Flowers’s marital satisfaction and Dennis and Vander Wal’s cognitive flexibility as a pre-test and post-test. The data were analyzed by multivariate analysis of covariance and univariate analysis of covariance methods. Results: The findings showed that there was a significant difference between experimental and control groups in two variables of marital satisfaction and cognitive flexibility. In the other words, acceptance and commitment therapy significantly led to an increase in marital satisfaction and cognitive flexibility of married employees (p≤0/05). Conclusions: Regarding the findings of this research, counselors and therapists could use acceptance and commitment therapy to improve marital satisfaction and cognitive flexibility.  }, Keywords = {Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, Marital Satisfaction, Cognitive Flexibility}, volume = {5}, Number = {6}, pages = {1-7}, publisher = { انجمن علمی پرستاری ایران}, doi = {10.21859/ijpn-05061}, url = {http://ijpn.ir/article-1-1035-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpn.ir/article-1-1035-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatric Nursing}, issn = {2345-2501}, eissn = {2345-2528}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {Iranpour, Seyedeh Mahrokh and Erfani, Nasrolah and Ebrahimi, Mohammad Ismaeel}, title = {Explaination and Prediction of Quality of Life and Happiness Based on the Time Span of Students}, abstract ={Introduction: Living in the era of technology and information, despite the many benefits and widespread communication, has been accompanied by an increase in distance and loneliness of most people and the development of psychosocial problems, such as depression, suicide, divorce, and various types of delinquency. This affects the quality of life and happiness and has thus attracted the attention of scholars. The purpose of this study was to explain and predict quality of life and happiness based on the time horizons of students. Methods: The statistical population of the study consisted of all graduate students of the Islamic Azad University of Hamedan during the academic year of 2011 to 2012. Their number was 4000. Sample size was based on at least 50 people while 10 predictors for each variable was estimated, thus 120 people were selected by stratified random sampling. For measuring the time perspective, the Zimbardo (66) questionnaire (1999) was used, for quality of life, 26 questions prepared by the World Health Organization (2006), and for happiness, the Oxford questionnaire 29, designed by Arjil (1996), was used. Data analysis was performed by Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis using Barney and Kenny method with the SPSS software. Results: The results showed that the time horizons of students were not high, while their quality of life and their happiness were reported as high. Also, there was a significant relationship between the time perspective, quality of life and happiness among students. In addition, the time perspective and quality of life were able to explain and predict happiness of undergraduate students at the Islamic Azad University of Hamedan. Meanwhile, quality of life had a significant mediator role. Conclusions: In order to increase the happiness of students, it is suggested to encourage past positive perspectives and transcendental future, while improving quality of life.  }, Keywords = { Happiness, Time Perspective, Quality of Life, Dustening}, volume = {5}, Number = {6}, pages = {8-15}, publisher = { انجمن علمی پرستاری ایران}, doi = {10.21859/ijpn-05062}, url = {http://ijpn.ir/article-1-1049-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpn.ir/article-1-1049-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatric Nursing}, issn = {2345-2501}, eissn = {2345-2528}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {Kord, Bahman and Rahbari, parvaneh}, title = {The Prediction of Subjective Well-being Based on Meaning of Life and Mindfulness among Cardiovascular Patients}, abstract ={Introduction: The subjective well-being of cardiovascular patients is one of the most important issues in mental health. It is necessary to consider factors, such as mindfulness and meaning of life that could play an important role in increasing well-being. The present study aimed at predicting subjective well-being based on meaning of life and mindfulness among cardiovascular patients. Methods: This correlational study was conducted on 152 patients (69 females and 83 males) with cardiovascular diseases during year 2016, using available sampling methods. The data collection tools included three valid and reliable scales: Molavi’s subjective well-being, Stager’s meaning in life, and Baer’s mindfulness. Data were analyzed using Pearson’s correlation coefficient and regression analysis with significance level of P < 0.05. Results: The results showed that there was a significant positive correlation between “search of meaning” and subjective well-being (P < 0.001). In the same way, a relationship was also found among components of “focus and attention of awareness” and subjective well-being (r = 0.20, P < 0.001) and “Non-judgement of internal experiences” (r = 0.18, P < 0.001). Finally, the results of regression analysis showed that “search of meaning” (β = 0.17, P < 0.001), “focus and attention of awareness” (β = 0.19, P < 0.001), and “non-judgement of internal experiences” (β = 0.21, P < 0.001) were the predictors of subjective well-being of patients. Conclusions: According to the findings of this study, cardiovascular patients, who seek a meaning of life, have focus and attention of awareness, and show non-judgement of internal experiences, experience more subjective well-being. Therefore, training and application of positive self-care approaches for these people are recommended.  }, Keywords = {Subjective Well-Being, Meaning of Life, Mindfulness, Cardiovascular Disease}, volume = {5}, Number = {6}, pages = {16-23}, publisher = { انجمن علمی پرستاری ایران}, doi = {10.21859/ijpn-05063}, url = {http://ijpn.ir/article-1-943-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpn.ir/article-1-943-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatric Nursing}, issn = {2345-2501}, eissn = {2345-2528}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {Baghi, Vajiheh and BaghbanKarimi, Elnaz}, title = {Predicting the Quality of Life of Patients With Hypertension Based on Resilience and Social Support}, abstract ={Introduction: Change in lifestyle, and side effects of drug and disease affect the quality of life of patients with hypertension. This study aimed at predicting the quality of life of patients with hypertension based on resilience and social support. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 120 hypertensive patients were recruited by the convenience sampling during year 2016. Data were collected by a demographic form, quality of life (SF-12), Zimet social support, and resilience in cardiovascular patients. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, and multivariate stepwise regression using PASW (Predictive Analytics Software). P values of less than 0.05 were considered significant. Results: Overall, 120 patients with hypertension (47 males and 7 females) with a mean age of 51.6 ± 14.11 years participated in this study. The results of this study showed that there was a significant correlation between quality of life and rational empowerment (r = 0.506), self-management (r = 0.471), and medication adherence (r = 0.194). Stepwise regression results showed that pain was able to explain 33.5% of changes in quality of life. Conclusions: The results showed that rational empowerment, self-management, and medication adherence were predictors of quality of life in patients with high blood pressure. Overall, based on the findings of this study, education and promotion of resiliency could increase quality of life.  }, Keywords = {Quality of Life, Resilience, Social Support, Hypertension}, volume = {5}, Number = {6}, pages = {24-30}, publisher = { انجمن علمی پرستاری ایران}, doi = {10.21859/ijpn-05064}, url = {http://ijpn.ir/article-1-981-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpn.ir/article-1-981-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatric Nursing}, issn = {2345-2501}, eissn = {2345-2528}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {Hatamian, Peiman and Moradi, Aasieh}, title = {Comparing Unhealthy Eating Behaviors and Attitudes and Negative Repeating Thoughts in Night Shift and Day Shift Nurses}, abstract ={Introduction: Considering the effective role of nurses in hospitals and treatment centers, as well as the importance of their mental and behavioral health, the present study aimed at comparing unhealthy eating behaviors and attitudes and negative repeating thoughts in night shift and day nurses. Methods: This was a descriptive-comparative study, conducted during year 2017 on nurses of Kermanshah. The sampling method was a multi-stage cluster sampling, including 60 night and 60 day shift nurses. The data collection tool was an Includes Eating Feedback Questionnaire Williamson (1990) and Negative Repetitive Thought Questionnaire by McCawley et al. (2010). To analyze the data, multivariate analysis of variance was used with the SPSS-22 software. Results: The results of the analysis showed that there was a significant difference between night shift and day shift nurses regarding unhealthy eating behaviors and attitudes and negative repeating thoughts, with the difference being significant (P < 0.001). Conclusions: According to the results of this study, it could be said that unhealthy eating behaviors and attitudes and negative repeating thoughts in nurses are influenced by the type of work shift (day and night).  }, Keywords = {Eating Behaviors and Attitudes, Negative Repeating Thoughts, Nurses}, volume = {5}, Number = {6}, pages = {31-36}, publisher = { انجمن علمی پرستاری ایران}, doi = {10.21859/ijpn-05065}, url = {http://ijpn.ir/article-1-999-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpn.ir/article-1-999-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatric Nursing}, issn = {2345-2501}, eissn = {2345-2528}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {Sheybani, Hosein and Mikaeili, Niloofar and Narimani, Mohamm}, title = {The Efficacy of Emotion Regulation Training on Stress, Anxiety, Depression and Irritability of the Students With Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder}, abstract ={Introduction: Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder is a new diagnosis in the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) that is characterized by chronic, persistent and severe irritability in children and adolescents. According to the American Psychological Association, these children are at risk of polar depression or anxiety disorders in adulthood. Since emotions play a key role in this disorder, the current research aimed at studying the efficacy of teaching emotion regulation on stress, anxiety, depression and irritability of students with disruptive mood dysregulation disorder. Methods: The present research was experimental with a pre-test and post-test design with a control group. Using purposive sampling, 30 junior high school students with disruptive mood dysregulation disorder were selected through a diagnostic interview, and were then randomly assigned to an experimental and a control group (each group consisted of 15 people). They answered the Stringaris emotional reactivity index and Levinda stress, depression and anxiety scale. Before applying independent variables, the pretests were taken from both groups and then the first group took part in eight 90-minute sessions of group therapy based on Gratz and Gunderson's emotion regulation training. Data were analyzed by Multivariate Analysis of Covariance (MONCOVA) method using the SPSS-21 software. Results: The Findings revealed that such an education decreases depression, stress, and anxiety of the experimental group. The irritability of the students with disruptive mood decreased considerably compared with the pretest and the control group. Conclusions: Finally, it was concluded that the education of emotion regulation is an acceptable treatment for decreasing emotive derangement and irritability of the students with disruptive mood dysregulation disorder. As a result, this treatment could be used in curing this new disorder.  }, Keywords = {Emotion Regulation, Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder, Irritability, Depression, Stress, Anxiety}, volume = {5}, Number = {6}, pages = {37-44}, publisher = { انجمن علمی پرستاری ایران}, doi = {10.21859/ijpn-05066}, url = {http://ijpn.ir/article-1-993-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpn.ir/article-1-993-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatric Nursing}, issn = {2345-2501}, eissn = {2345-2528}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {Pustchian, Tayebe and Kazemi, Amane sadat and Rezaee, Omi}, title = {The Effectiveness of Group logo therapy on Life Expectancy and Resilience among Divorced Women}, abstract ={Introduction: Divorce is among the important factors, which can cause the family circle to disintegrate. It has many consequences on the society and can be the origin of numerous social harms. The aim of the present paper was to evaluate the effectiveness of group logo therapy on life expectancy and resilience among divorced women. Methods: In this study, a semi-experimental pre-test post-test design with control group was conducted. The statistical population was all the divorced women in Qom City, Iran, and the statistical sample consisted of 30 divorced women who were randomly assigned into experimental (n = 15) and control (n = 15) groups. The experimental group received group logo therapy in eight sessions (each session lasted 90 minutes) twice a week. The data were collected before and after the intervention. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (average and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (analysis of covariance) methods. Results: The results showed that group logo therapy was effective on increasing life expectancy and resilience of the divorced women, and the outcome of the data set was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusions: The results of this study indicate that group logo therapy can be effective in reducing psychological stress and problems of divorced women. Accordingly, group logo therapy is an appropriate way to increase life expectancy and resilience of divorced women. Using this method, mental health professionals can improve the status of divorced women.  }, Keywords = {Group Therapy, Logo Therapy, Life Expectancy, Resilience, Divorced Women}, volume = {5}, Number = {6}, pages = {45-52}, publisher = { انجمن علمی پرستاری ایران}, doi = {10.21859/ijpn-05067}, url = {http://ijpn.ir/article-1-1000-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpn.ir/article-1-1000-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatric Nursing}, issn = {2345-2501}, eissn = {2345-2528}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {SeyedAskari, Seyed Mostafa and Kamyabi, Mitra and Beigzadeh, Amin and Narimisa, Farahnaaz}, title = {The Relationship between Personality Features and Psychosocial Distress among Nurses of Shafa Hospital in Kerman}, abstract ={Introduction: Cognitive impairment is caused by major problems in the ability of human cognition. Common cognitive problems or psychological distress have an effect on family, social life, personal life or career of a person. In addition, it has an indispensable impact on different jobs. Nursing is one of the most affected jobs in this regard. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between personality features and psychological distress in nurses working in Shafa Hospital in Kerman. Methods: In this descriptive-correlational research, the study population consisted of all nurses of Shafa hospital (n = 324). We used Morgan table and based on simple random method, 177 nurses entered the study. In order to gather data, we used Oxford-Liverpool inventory of feelings and experiences (O-LIFE) as well as Goldberg big five personality inventory. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 16. Results: Findings showed that there was a relationship in neuroticism, extroversion, openness to experience, and conscientiousness with psychological distress in nurses of Shafa Hospital in Kerman. Findings highlighted that the role of personality features in psychological distress are different. In this regard, an increase in neuroticism and openness to experiences was accompanied by an increase in psychological distress. By the same token, neuroticism (0.38) and openness (0.42) had the least and conscientious (0.89) had the most impacts, respectively. Conclusions: As personnel of an organization need to follow their desires and become part of the norms and objectives of an organization, their personality structure can help them to stay and succeed in a job. Thus, personality coordination and job compatibility can prevent psychological distress in nurses and increase their dignity and satisfaction in the organization. This augments the productivity of an organization.  }, Keywords = {Personality Traits, Psychological Distress, Nurses}, volume = {5}, Number = {6}, pages = {53-60}, publisher = { انجمن علمی پرستاری ایران}, doi = {10.21859/ijpn-05068}, url = {http://ijpn.ir/article-1-890-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpn.ir/article-1-890-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatric Nursing}, issn = {2345-2501}, eissn = {2345-2528}, year = {2018} }